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DEE-24136 Distributed Energy Resources in Electricity Networks
Exam 11.12.2013

Sami Repo

Use of own programmable calculator is allowed in this exam.

Answer to five guestions.

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- Describe one possible scenario of future distribution network including
different kind of distributed energy resources. Describe the primary reasons of
distributed energy resources, owners of the resources and what kind of impact
they have in the distribution network level.

2. Describe what kind of impacts distributed gencration has for the protection of
distribution network. Explain by using the theory of fault analysis why
distributed generation has the described impacts.

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- Describe the impacts of distributed generation connected in medium voltage
network for voltage guality. Consider all kind of generation technologies.

4. Provide a detailed explanation why distributed generation will raise voltage in
radial distribution network. Draw necessary figures to explain the theory behind
the voltage rise effect.

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- Compare traditional distribution network reliability enhancement options and
intended island operation consisting of backup and distributed generation units.
Consider both the technical and the economical aspects of different solutions.
Describe also the basic reguirements, the possible benefits/drawbacks, and the
possible applications (examples) of reliability enhancement options.

6. Describe the mechanisms of wind power smoothing from single wind turbine
level up to Nordic power system level. Describe also what are the most relevant
conseguences of wind power variation in distribution and transmission network
levels and how wind power smoothing is affecting on those.

7. Describe with your own words the concept of active distribution network.
Don't describe the details of technology reguired for active distribution
network, but explain why distribution network should be more active and how
it might become more active.