Exam text content

 

 

Tampereen teknillinen yliopisto

Tiedonhallinnan ja logistiikan laitos

TLO-11040 Toimitusketjun hallinta ja globaalit kuljetukset
Mariikka Ala-Maakala

Tentti 16.10.2015

Vastaa kaikkiin tehtäviin (tehtävässä 4 vain toiseen vaihtoehtoisista kysymyksistä). Vastauksen pituus
enintään noin sivu/tehtävä.

1. Selitä lyhyesti käsitteet (9 p.)
a. tonnikilometri
b. vihreä logistiikka
c. massaräätälöinti
d. TEU
e. bullwhip-ilmiö
f. intermodaalikuljetus

2 Mitkä osat (5 kpl) muodostavat liikennejärjestelmän? Selitä esimerkkejä käyttäen, miten ne
vaikuttavat toisiinsa ja koko liikennejärjestelmän toimintaan. (7 p.)

3. a. Millaisia strategisia kumppanuuksia yritykset voivat toimitusketjun hallintaan ja
hankintoihin | liittyen solmia, ja miten ne vaikuttavat tuotannollisen yrityksen logistiikkaan?
(4 p.)

b. Ulkoistamisen mahdollisuudet, edut ja riskit. (3 p.)

4. A. Määrittele perustellen termit toimitusketju, toimitusketjun hallinta, logistiikka ja
kuljetukset, ja kuvaile näiden välisiä suhteita. (4 p.)

TAI

B. Vierailuluennolla kuulit DB Schenkerin liiketoiminnasta ja yrityksen tarjoamista
logistiikkapalveluista. Kuvaile luennon — perusteella — yrityksen — liikeidea, toiminnan
erityispiirteet, ja miten kestävyys ja ympäristöystävällisyys näkyvät yrityksen toiminnassa? (4
p.)

55 Lue seuraava teksti (European Federation for Transport and Environment, 2014,
http://www.transportenvironment.org/press/eu-governments-agree-cleaner-safer-lorries-
%E2%80%93-commission-must-drive-improvements). Mitä hyötyjä kuorma-
autojen hyttien uudelleenmuotoilusta tekstin mukaan olisi, ja mihinne perustuvat? = Mitä
muita — vaikutuksia muotoilumuutoksilla — voisi olla kuorma-autovalmistajille,
autojen kuljettajille ja muille sidosryhmille? Milloin uudennäköisiä kuorma-autoja voidaan
aikaisintaan nähdä tieliikenteessä? (4 p.)
 

EU governments agree cleaner, safer
lorries — but Commission must drive
improvements

Representatives of EU governments today accepted
a deal with the European Parliament to end brick-
shaped lorries, clearing the way for advances in fuel
efficiency and safety for drivers, cyclists and
pedestrians. The agreed law allows lorrymakers to
produce new designs but industry lobbyists secured a ban until 2022 even though the new designs
are voluntary, not mandatory [1]. The Commission will propose new safety reguirements for trucks
by amending its vehicle safety regulations by 2016.

 

The design changes would allow European lorries to have slightly longer, more aerodynamic cabins
than the current box-shaped ones, which are restricted to 2.35m in length. The new designs would
improve protection for pedestrians and cyclists, as well as crash- performance and the driver”s-field-
of vision, which could be increased 50%. Before new designs can hit the road, the Commission
must first develop the specific safety rules. A proposal for this has been announced for 2016.

William Todts of Transport & Environment (T&E), said: "This deal brings closer the day when
truckmakers stop producing the dangerous and inefjicient brick-shaped lorries. But how much safer
Iorries will really be and when they'll be allowed all depends on a new law that is still in the
drafiing stage. The Commission should now press ahead and present ambitious truck safety rules by
2016 at the latest. This is a once-in-a-generation opportunity that we really cannot afford to delay

»

on.

The European Commission originally proposed that lorrymakers would be free to introduce the new
designs by 2017. MEPs supported this stance but EU governments were persuaded to push for a ban
until 2025 by manufacturers eager to delay any disruption of the *competitive balance” between
them. In trilogue negotiations, the Parliament managed to reduce the delay to 2022, although the
exact timing remains uncertain and depends on when the new safety rules will be agreed.

William Todts added: "Just weeks after the Commission announced a probe into lorry industry
price fixing, it's absurd that governments meet truckmakers? demand to ban innovation for as long
as possible. In an industry that sorely needs more competition, especially on fuel efficiency, Europe
should now follow the US example and set ambitious fuel efficiency standards for lorries.”

Every year 15% of all fatal collisions in Europe — around 4,200 deaths — involve lorries, according
to the European Transport Safety Council. That makes lorries twice as deadly as cars. According to
a new European Commission study, life-saving design changes to lorry cabs can save up to 900
lives every year [2]. In a separate declaration the Commission has said it will propose amendments
to its vehicle safety regulations in 2016 to develop new safety reguirements for trucks.

While lorries make up only 3% of vehicles, they account for 25% of road transport CO2 emissions
in Europe. Their fuel efficiency has stagnated for the last 20 years and, contrary to cars or vans, the
EU has not set fuel economy standards for trucks. T&E estimates that a more streamlined cab along
with rear flaps could also improve fuel efficiency by up to 7-10%, saving hauliers around €3,000
per vehicle per year.

The agreement now needs to be ratified by the plenary of the European Parliament.

teemu lumtop srykent OA

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